Mayor Bill de Blasio has called for the city to spend $41 billion over 10 years on affordable apartments while asking developers to kick in billions of dollars’ worth of such housing. But housing could be made less costly and more available without a dime of subsidy. How? By allowing smaller units.

Decades ago, in response to fears that some neighborhoods would become overcrowded slums reminiscent of the turn of the 19th century, the city established a 400-square-foot minimum dwelling size in most medium- and high-density residential zones. But quite a few New Yorkers live happily in units smaller than that, including at least one City Council member, Corey Johnson, whose flat in the Village is all of 319 square feet. With modern technology and design, builders are now providing even greater efficiency and comfort in small spaces.

The first step should be to eliminate the 400-square-foot minimum, which limits supply and raises costs in a housing market that is already tight and expensive, especially in Manhattan. As our Joe Anuta has reported, the Department of City Planning wants to do exactly that. Its proposal, part of a larger zoning reform now undergoing public review, should be approved.

Small apartments are particularly attractive to young people who want to move to the city or remain here for its culture, opportunities and dynamism—but certainly not for spacious dwellings. Likewise, low-income elderly people need housing to be affordable and convenient, not expansive. But they are subject to outdated housing regulations as well, including something called the density factor, which was designed for general-population buildings. Prompted by recommendations from nonprofit builders of senior housing, City Planning proposed to relax these rules, too. That’s a no-brainer.

City codes generally allow a building’s average unit size to be smaller as the zoning increases in density, but an inexplicable quirk in the rules paradoxically raises the minimum unit size in certain high-density zones near mass transit. The proposal would fix that.

The plan would allow developers to respond to demand among young professionals for independent housing. Such flexibility is far more sensible than repeatedly amending regulations as conditions and tastes change. On pricey blocks, builders will likely continue to chase the higher profits of sprawling apartments—the so-called luxury premium. But elsewhere we’d expect to see more small units, lowering housing costs for people who can’t or don’t want to pay for more space than they need. And the increase in overall supply will help all buyers.

CoStar Group Inc.The brownstone that once stood at 36 E. 57th St.

Rising like a slim, silvery Lego tower, 432 Park Ave. will be the tallest residential building in the Western Hemisphere upon completion. Right next to it, until very recently, was a brownstone that was just 24 feet wide and five stories tall. The vacant, locked building, hidden behind scaffolding and stripped of ornamentation, with forlorn white curtains visible in the top-floor windows, was a vestige of an older New York. Now it’s gone. It was torn down last spring by the owners of 432 Park Ave. for purposes that have not been made clear.

This is an obituary for 36 E. 57th St., although it’s an incomplete one because most of the people who knew the building in its prime are gone now. In its day, the humble brownstone housed the New York outlet of couturier Christian Lacroix and may have been co-owned by a Hollywood kingpin. New York City records list 1930 as the year that 36 E. 57th St. was built, but the records are probably wrong. By that year nobody was building short, narrow brownstones on the high-toned block between Park Avenue and Madison Avenue.

It’s more likely that the building was erected in the 19th century, during the building boom that blanketed acres of Manhattan with the narrow, sandstone row houses known as brownstones. The 1879 edition of Bromley’s Atlas of the City of New York was the first to show a townhouse with a stone facade at 36 E. 57th St., according to researchers at the New York Public Library Map Division. That’s consistent with what Christopher Gray, a historian of New York City architecture, wrote in 1988 in the New York Times: “In 1877, a speculative developer, Duggin & Crossman, put up a row of brownstones at 32-50 E. 57th St.” Gray wrote that the poet Emma Lazarus—”Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses …”—lived for a time at 36 E. 57th St.. She died at age 38 in 1887.

The building pops up in the Commercial Record of 1919-20, listing among its occupants a Miss Rose Gruening, a Bradish J. Carroll, and one Frank B. Taggart, whose occupation is listed as vice-president at 60 Broadway in lower Manhattan. By then, the block had begun its transition from residential to commercial.

Wrote Gray: “Gradually, the row became sandwiched between the giant Fuller Building (1929) at Madison Avenue and 460 Park Ave. (1954). As the last vestiges of the residential character of the 50’s just east of Fifth Avenue began to disappear in the 1950’s, the 57th Street row came to represent a sort of symbolic demilitarized zone between the midtown skyscrapers and the Upper East Side residential district.”

The next appearance of 36 E. 57th St. in the public records is as a retail establishment. Montblanc, Piaget, and Oxford Clothes occupied the ground floor over the years. Ownership changed hands several times, at one point in the 1980s belonging to a group that included somebody named Lew Wasserman. Circumstances point to this being the same Lew Wasserman who built up the MCA talent agency and bought Universal Studios and Decca Records. He died in 2002.

Architect Maurice Medcalfe worked in the building during the 1960s. His firm, Hills & Medcalfe, was inspired by the Apollo program to design a building on East 71st Street that was pink and had bulging ovals for windows. It stood out in its block of brownstones like a Martian invader and was quickly dubbed, not affectionately, the Bubble Brownstone.

The last blaze of glory for 36 E. 57th St. came in 2007, when it became the home of Christian Lacroix’s first shop in the city. New York magazine gave it a Critics’ Pick: “Joining the high-fashion parade along 57th Street, Lacroix’s two-story store eschews the minimalism of nearby neighbors like Dior and Yves Saint Laurent, presenting instead a sensory overload of lights, textures, and ornamentation. Part pomp, part disco, a mirrored front wall gives way to an array of tinseled stilettos, embellished handbags, and op-art bangles.” The fun didn’t last long. Christian Lacroix filed for bankruptcy just two years later, and the decor was hauled away.

In its final years, according to city records, the building housed such establishments as World Wide Visa Service, Syd Levethan Shoes, New Horizons Beauty Salon, and Bryant Enterprises design services. Next to the front door, until the demolition, was a sign for Federico, a hair salon and spa that was one of the building’s final occupants.

The structure’s fate was sealed when 432 Park Ave. began to rise, and rise, and rise, to 96 stories. The luxury condo building—separated by a foot of space from 36 East 57th Street—s taller than the Empire State Building. It’s also taller than the Freedom Tower would be without its spire. Prices for apartments in it begin at $17 million. Its owners are powerful enough that they managed to get a Park Avenue address for it, even though it isn’t on Park Avenue. The first residents should move in “this fall,” said Joey Arak, who handles public relations for the residences.

Last August, 36 E. 57th St. was sold for $65 million, a lot for a structure covering 0.06 acre. At that rate, a full acre would cost $1.2 billion. The sum was no indication of the value of the building, which was nothing but an inconvenience. The new owner has the right to put up a building on the site approximately four times as big as the one that’s there. Robert Zirinsky is listed as the new owner. According to the website Real Deal, the demolition permit was filed by New York Medical Investors, which shares an address with Zirinsky, and by Macklowe Properties.

Macklowe is refusing to say what it has in mind for 36 E. 57th St.. The building permit that’s posted on a fence in front of the lot is for a retail building consisting of one story plus a cellar, but it’s hard to believe that such a small project is all that Macklowe has in mind. Arak has heard the space would be used for a lobby to reach the office floors of 432 Park Ave., but he wasn’t sure and wasn’t authorized to speak about it. Representatives of Macklowe did not return phone calls.

There was no good reason to save 36 E. 57th St. It was not architecturally distinguished and no president ever lived there. It was built in the era of Boss Tweed, mutton-chop sideburns, and horse-drawn carriages, and it had clearly outlived its usefulness. Spare a thought, though, for the passing of an era.

Gary Barnett, the developer who sold New York’s most expensive apartment, is marketing his newest and largest Manhattan condo project to Asian buyers first—with prices well below those at his Billionaires’ Row towers.

Barnett’s Extell Development Co. will start sales of the more than 800 condominiums at his Lower East Side property exclusively overseas, including in China, Malaysia and Singapore, he said in an interview. Apartments at the 80-story tower, called One Manhattan Square, won’t be for sale in the U.S until early next year.

They also won’t be breaking any price records. Barnett estimates that most of the One Manhattan Square condos will be listed at $1 million to $3 million. Homes in that range are in short supply in Manhattan, where developers—including Extell—have focused almost exclusively on building larger and lavish apartments aimed at ultra-wealthy buyers who view New York real estate as a haven for cash.

“We think that’s a reasonable place to be,” Barnett said of the One Manhattan Square pricing. “There are a tremendous amount of people who would like to own something in New York City but are priced out because everybody’s building super-luxury.”

It was Barnett himself who ignited the development boom of high-end homes with the construction of One57, the 1,004-foot skyscraper across from Carnegie Hall on Manhattan’s west side. Extell began work on that project, planned as the city’s tallest residential tower, less than a year after the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. ushered in a real estate downturn.

The building reached $1 billion in sales after six months, including a contract to buy a penthouse for $100.5 million, the highest price ever paid for an apartment in New York history. That deal closed last year.

Construction boom

Other builders followed suit. Now at least eight residential properties aimed at multimillionaires—including Zeckendorf Development Co.’s 520 Park Ave., Vornado Realty Trust’s 220 Central Park South and another tower by Extell about one block from One57—are under construction in or near Midtown, with the 57th Street corridor being dubbed Billionaires’ Row. Manhattan prices overall reached a record of $1,497 a square foot in the third quarter, according to Miller Samuel Inc. and Douglas Elliman Real Estate.

While expensive homes are still drawing interest, the greater demand from places like Asia is for less pricey offerings, of which there aren’t many, Barnett said. Extell, which usually doesn’t outsource the sales and marketing of its properties, has hired Jones Lang LaSalle Inc. to sell One Manhattan Square’s units internationally, with exhibitions planned next month in Shanghai, Hong Kong, Beijing, Singapore and Kuala Lumpur.

“There’s a tremendous hunger to purchase in New York for investment or for living or for safety or for a pied-a-terre,” Barnett said. “It’s hard to find something which is a good value and that more people can afford.”

The project at 252 South St., about a mile from New York’s Chinatown, will be the largest ever for Extell by number of units, he said. The complex will have 50,000 square feet of indoor amenities that will include art studios for residents. Another 40,000 square feet of outdoor space will feature landscaped gardens and a “tea pavilion,” he said. The tower, which will be complete at the end of 2018, also will include smaller units, he said.

“There nothing really that’s crazy expensive,” Barnett said.

Land deal

The firm agreed to buy the land, near the Manhattan Bridge and the East River, in January 2012 for $103.5 million, according to public records. The timing of that site purchase—ahead of a spike in land prices brought about by the latest construction boom—is what enables Extell to offer apartments there at lower price points.

“He was the first out of the box after the financial crisis to market super-luxury,” Jonathan Miller, president of Miller Samuel, said of Barnett. “If you take him to be a market leader, this is recognition of the next wave—when it’s possible for developers.”

HFZ Capital Group’s Ziel Feldman and homebuilder Toll Brothers Inc. have also announced plans to build less pricey condos as a way of satisfying a shortage in the Manhattan market.

For Extell, lower price points are a good strategy to attract buyers in China, after a currency devaluation in August made the cost of buying homes in the U.S. more expensive, Miller said. The devaluation, and the prospect of another, probably increased the appetite of buyers in the country, said Miller, who recently traveled to Shanghai to give presentations to real estate investors.

On New York listings website StreetEasy, page views originating from China more than doubled in July from a year earlier. That was the same month that China’s security regulator banned major shareholders from selling stakes in listed companies for half a year.

“That just makes people more anxious to invest in a stable and secure and economically vibrant country,” Barnett said. “The United States fits the bill and New York City tops the list. We haven’t seen any slowdown in demand at all.”